{"id":31876,"date":"2021-03-09T16:03:36","date_gmt":"2021-03-09T16:03:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/caseyfamilyv2.wpengine.com\/higher-standards-of-proof-2\/"},"modified":"2026-08-04T22:53:55","modified_gmt":"2026-08-04T22:53:55","slug":"estandares-de-prueba-mas-estrictos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.casey.org\/es\/higher-standards-of-proof\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfInfluyen los est\u00e1ndares m\u00e1s estrictos de prueba para el abuso y la negligencia infantil en las tasas de corroboraci\u00f3n?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"content-section light fresh-text single wp-block-fresh-text backgrounds-and-margins-aware-block margin-top margin-bottom\">\n <div class=\"container mx-auto px-5\">\n\n \n \n <!-- The CTA is moved up next to the title when in the Head Section style -->\n \n  <div class=\"callout\"><p>This summary synthesizes findings from a single research study, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/jels.12149\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\">The standard of proof in the substantiation of child abuse and neglect. <\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n \n \n <!-- conversly to above, we need to not show the CTA here if it's the Head Section style -->\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"content-section light fresh-text single wp-block-fresh-text backgrounds-and-margins-aware-block margin-top margin-bottom\">\n <div class=\"container mx-auto px-5\">\n\n \n   <h2>What can we learn from this study?<\/h2>\n  \n <!-- The CTA is moved up next to the title when in the Head Section style -->\n \n  <div class=\"callout\"><p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph -->Child welfare policy and practice vary across the country, including the standard of proof for substantiating reports of child abuse or neglect. While some states require &#8220;clear or convincing,&#8221; or a &#8220;preponderance&#8221; of evidence before substantiating a report, others have a much lower threshold, with some requiring only &#8220;reasonable&#8221; evidence. This study analyzes the extent to which thresholds influence the disposition of child maltreatment reports, and ultimately the number of children involved in a substantiated report of maltreatment or placed into foster care. The study also looks at the impact of recent changes to these thresholds on overall trends.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n \n \n <!-- conversly to above, we need to not show the CTA here if it's the Head Section style -->\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"content-section light fresh-text 3060 is-style-3060 wp-block-fresh-text backgrounds-and-margins-aware-block back-warm-ceramic margin-top margin-bottom padding-top padding-bottom\">\n <div class=\"container mx-auto px-5\">\n\n \n   <h2>Study details<\/h2>\n  \n <!-- The CTA is moved up next to the title when in the Head Section style -->\n \n  <div class=\"callout\"><ul>\n<li><strong>Population:<\/strong> 7.9 million reports of abuse and neglect with a focus on five states that increased their standard of proof<\/li>\n<li><strong>Data source:<\/strong> National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS) state summary file and child-level file<\/li>\n<li><strong>Methodology:<\/strong> Logistic regression, inverse-probability weighting estimator, fixed effects framework<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dates:<\/strong> 2000-2012<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"note\"><strong>Citation:<\/strong> Kahn, N. E., Gupta-Kagan, J., &amp; Hansen, M. E. (2017). The standard of proof in the substantiation of child abuse and neglect. <em>Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 14<\/em>(2), 333-369.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n \n \n <!-- conversly to above, we need to not show the CTA here if it's the Head Section style -->\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"content-section light fresh-text single wp-block-fresh-text backgrounds-and-margins-aware-block margin-top margin-bottom\">\n <div class=\"container mx-auto px-5\">\n\n \n   <h2>What are the critical findings?<\/h2>\n  \n <!-- The CTA is moved up next to the title when in the Head Section style -->\n \n  <div class=\"callout\"><p><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><!-- wp:paragraph -->States with a high standard of proof (or a high threshold\/burden for child protection agencies to provide evidence of child abuse or neglect) tend to have lower rates of substantiated maltreatment.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>An increase in the standard of proof resulted in a 14% decrease in the likelihood of substantiation, primarily among those cases that are harder to prove. (There was no change among cases that are easier to prove.)<\/li>\n<li>There are costs associated with errors in decision-making. An increase in the standard of proof increases protections to parents against a Type 1 error (finding abuse and neglect when there is none), which also increases the possibility of a Type 2 error (failure to intervene when child abuse or neglect has occurred). The consequences of a Type 1 error include undue trauma for families, as well as forced participation in unneeded and unnecessary services. The consequences of a Type 2 error include the potential that abuse or neglect will continue.<\/li>\n<li>While an increase in the standard of proof is only weakly associated with a decline in foster care placement, it importantly is associated with an increase of almost 30% in the provision of housing, family preservation, and other services to support families.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n \n \n <!-- conversly to above, we need to not show the CTA here if it's the Head Section style -->\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"content-section light fresh-text single wp-block-fresh-text backgrounds-and-margins-aware-block margin-top margin-bottom\">\n <div class=\"container mx-auto px-5\">\n\n \n   <h2>Why is this important for our work?<\/h2>\n  \n <!-- The CTA is moved up next to the title when in the Head Section style -->\n \n  <div class=\"callout\"><p><!-- \/wp:heading --><!-- wp:paragraph -->Decision-making at the front door of the child protection agency has a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.casey.org\/traumatic-impacts\/\">profound impact<\/a> on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acf.hhs.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/cb\/cm2018.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">7.8 million children<\/a> and their families involved in a report of maltreatment each year, and is costly for child protection agencies. Given that increases in the standard of proof result in more upstream services being offered to families, additional study is worthwhile to further explore the benefits of modifying state policies and to fully understand the associated impact on child safety and well-being.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n \n \n <!-- conversly to above, we need to not show the CTA here if it's the Head Section style -->\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"qff_disclaimer align wp-block-disclaimer content-section\">\n <div class=\"container mx-auto px-0 md:px-5\">\n <div class=\"qff_disclaimer__wrapper text-salt-box text-xs font-sofiapro border-t-2 border-spring-wood\">\n <p>Casey Family Programs consults with individuals and teams across the country to compile research, experiences, and insights about approaches that can safely reduce the need for foster care and ensure the well-being of children and families. We share this information broadly to help child welfare leaders and their partners tackle similar issues in their own communities. For questions about this resource, or if you have other child welfare information needs, please email <a href=\"mailto:kmresources@casey.org\">kmresources@casey.org<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"footnotes\" class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div style=\"height:2px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"content-section light fresh-text single wp-block-fresh-text backgrounds-and-margins-aware-block margin-top margin-bottom\">\n <div class=\"container mx-auto px-5\">\n\n \n \n <!-- The CTA is moved up next to the title when in the Head Section style -->\n \n  <div class=\"callout\"><script>\nvar 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ginput_container_radio'><ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_5_4'>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_5_4_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_4' type='radio' value='Yes'  id='choice_5_4_0'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_5_4_0' id='label_5_4_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Yes<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_5_4_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_4' type='radio' value='No'  id='choice_5_4_1'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_5_4_1' id='label_5_4_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>No<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/li><li id=\"field_5_9\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice gfield--width-full field_sublabel_below gfield--has-description field_description_above hidden_label field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gfield--choice-align-vertical\"  ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' ><span class='gform-field-label__text'>Select which best describes your 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